SEJARAH TENTANG DRUM

SEJARAH DRUM

SEJARAH DRUM

 Sejarah alat musik drum berawal dari munculnya peradaban manusia. Dahulu, pukulan  drum telah dikaitkan dengan kelahiran manusia. Karena, drum, saat itumerupakan alat musik yang sering kali digunakan di hutan, yang disebut juga membranophone, yang berarti sebuah alat musik yang mengeluarkan suara dari selaput (sebuah lengkung stik) yang berkepanjangan dan mengesankan bagi setiap objek yang mendengarkannya.

 Alat musik drum sudah ada kira2 pada tahun 6000 SM. Di dalam gua2 di negara Peru, terdapat beberapa lukisan yang tertempel pada dindingnya, yang menggambarkan bahwa alat musik drum bisa digunakan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat. Contohnya,suku Indian, mereka menggunakan labu dan batang kayu untuk membuat alat musik drum. dan, biasanya mereka menggunakan alat musik drum tersebut untuk kepentingan upacara-upacara ritual adat istiadat mereka.

 Drum tidak hanya digunakan untuk menghibur diri saja, tetapi juga bisa digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi, contohnya budaya suku afrika. biasanya, meraka mengandalakn alat musik drum sebagai alat untuk mengekspresikan diri mereka, uga digunakan sebgai alat untuk menyampaikan pesan penting melalui serangkaian pikulan drum di sepanjang hutan tempat tinggal mereka tinggal.

 Didalam catatan sejarah, telah ditemukan bahwa satu pemain drum dapat memainkan dua atau lebih alat musik drum pada waktu yang bersamaan. Dari sini, masyarakat mulai membuat dan menempatkan beberapa kelompok pemain drum bersama-sama untuk satu musisi dalam bermain drum. Hal ini berguna agar setiap pemain drum tidak hanya mampu memainkan drum dari satu jenis yang sama saja, tetapi juga dari budaya yang lain, bahkan berbagai jenis drum yang ada diseluruh dunia. Pada awal tahun 1930-an, telah ditemukan trik baru dalam bermain drum. para musisi mulai melakukan banyak latihan, sehingga mereka menemukan cara tepat dan mampu memainkan serta menangani permainan satu set alat musik drum. Permainan tersebut dinamakan dengan ganda, yaitu salah satu permainan memukul drum lebih dari satu alat musik drum. Maka dari itu, seluruh kelompok pemain drum suddah tidah diperlukan lagi.

 Dari tahun ketahun, set alat musik drum mengalami perkembangan. Gembrengan dan tom-tom, yang berasal dari Cina, telah ditambahkan ke Drum Kit atau Drum Set dari drum yang cepat untuk perlengkapan satu set drum. Kemudian, ditambahkan lagi cowbells , kayu balok , dan bunyi genta lonceng dengan ketukan tambahan. Pada tahun 1930-an, drum kit telah dibuat dengan berbagai bentuk instrumen dalam dunia musik. drum kit ini terdiri dari satu kaki dan pedal bass drum, jerat, simbal, hi-hat, tom-tom, dan gembrengan gantung yang besar.

 Selanjutnya, pada tahun 1960-an, perkembangan drum kit mulai melesat. Berawal dari para pemain drum aliran musik rock yang telah bangkit. Drum kit kembali ditambahkan alat, yaitu tambahan tom-tom dan gembrengan, serta bass drum lain untuk meningkatkan kecepatan pada drum tersebut. Kemudian dari sini muncullah drum elektronik yang dapat menghasilkan berbagai jenis suara. dan, hingga saati ini, alat musik drum masih digunakan dalam berbagai kontes musik di seluruh dunia

DRUMER

A drummer is a musician who plays drums, which includes but is not limited to a drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set", including but not limited to cymbals) and accessory based hardware which includes an assortment of pedals and standing support mechanisms, marching percussion and/or any musical instrument that is struck within the context of a wide assortment of musical genres. The term percussionist applies to a musician who performs struck musical instruments of numerous diverse shapes, sizes and applications. Most contemporary western ensembles bands for Rock, Pop, Jazz, R&B etc. includes a drummer within the context of its music based ensemble for purposes including but not limited to timekeeping, and artist based applications deemed appropriate towards the elevation of a prescribed music based aesthetic. Most drummers of this particular designation work within the context of a larger contingent (aka rhythm section) that may also include, keyboard (a percussion instrument) and/or guitar, auxiliary percussion (often of non western origin) and bass (bass viol or electric). Said ensembles may also include melodic based mallet percussion including but not limited to: vibraphone, marimba and/or xylophone. The rhythm section, being the core metronomic foundation with which other melodic instruments, including voices, may present the harmonic/melodic portion of the material.
First and foremost, a drummer is a musician that performs music on the multi-percussion instrument known as the drum set, which usually consists of a bass drum (with pedal), a floor tom, tom-toms, a snare drum, hi-hats, a ride cymbal, and a crash cymbal.
In popular music, the primary function of the drummer is to "keep time" or provide a steady tempo and rhythmic foundation. However, in other musical styles, such as world, jazz, classical, and electronica, the function of a drummer is often shifted from "time keeper" to soloist, whereby the main melody becomes the rhythmic development generated by the drummer or percussionist.
There are many tools that a drummer can use for either timekeeping or soloing. These include cymbals, (i.e. china, crash, ride, splash, hi-hats, etc.) Auxiliary percussion, (i.e. bells, Latin drums, cowbells, temple blocks) and many others. Also there is a single, double, and a triple bass pedal for the bass drum.

Contents 1 Military 2 Parades 3 See also 4 References

Military

Drummer of the French Chasseurs alpins

Before motorized transport became widespread, drummers played a key role in military conflicts. The drum cadences provided set a steady marching pace, and elevated troop morale on the battlefield. In some armies drums also assisted in combat by keeping cadence for firing and loading drills with muzzle loading guns. Military drummers were also employed on the parade field, when troops passed in review, and in various ceremonies including ominous drum rolls accompanying disciplinary punishments. Children also served as drummer boys well into the nineteenth century, though less commonly than is popularly assumed as due to the nature of the job experienced older men were preferred.
Drummers are not employed in battle, but their ceremonial duties continue. Typically buglers and drummers mass under a sergeant-drummer and during marches alternately perform with the regiment and/or battalion ensembles.
Military based musical percussion traditions were not limited exclusively to the western world. When Emir Osman I was appointed commander of the Turkish army on the Byzantine border in the late 13th century, he was symbolically installed via a handover of musical instruments by the Seldjuk sultan. During the Ottoman Empire, size of a military band reflected the rank of its commander in chief: the largest reserved for the Sultan (viz. his Grand Vizier when taking the field). It included various percussion instruments, often adopted in European military music (as 'Janissary music') The pitched bass drum is still known in some languages as the Turkish Drum.